Wednesday, April 29, 2009

The Smithsonian: A Culture War Battleground


''Secure in tenure, they now serve up, in our museums and colleges, a constant diet of the same poison of anti-Americanisms on which they themselves were fed. Ultimate goal: Breed a generation of Americans who accept the Left's indictment of our country. For any nation to subsidize such assaults upon its history is to toy with suicide. But for Americans, whose history is so full of greatness and glory, it is criminal cowardice.”
-Pat Buchanan on the Enola Gay Exhibit

In the 1990s, the Culture Wars emerged on an unexpected stage: the Smithsonian Institute. In 1994, the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum designed an exhibit to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, refinishing the legendary Enola Gay B-52 bomber as the focal point of the exhibit. The ensuing debate over the contents and message of the exhibit aroused zealous and emotional responses from Right and Left-wing groups all of the United States. Whereas the museum historians wanted to discuss the various political motivations behind Truman’s decision, the physical destruction at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the ensuing nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, right-wing American’s screamed that the great American motivation “to save thousands of American lives” was completely ignored by “revisionist historians.” Here, Richard Kohn explores the dimensions of the Enola Gay controversy and describes how the political culture wars affected the debate over historical interpretation. Kohn warns that in the Culture Wars, not even museums, educators, or historians are allowed to deviate from the traditional American narrative.



DDT toxicity: the current science




If you're looking for the current consensus among biologists and health experts on the toxicity and carcinogenic potential of DDT, here is a good place to start. If you're looking for a spirited rebuttal to the ad hominem attacks on Carson's credibility as a scientist and conservationist, check here. And, finally, if you'd like to see review the recent discourse among environmentalists on the carefully targeted use of DDT to fight malaria, check here.

Reinhold Niebuhr and Religion in America

http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/multimedia/video/2008/wallace/niebuhr_reinhold.html

In this interview with Mike Wallace in 1958, Reinhold Niebuhr discusses religion in the pluralistic society of America. Wallace asks Niebuhr if a separation between Church and State is necessary if religion is good for society. Niebuhr responds that if religion is good, then the state should not intervene with it, but if religion is bad, meaning it gives ultimate sanctity to a particular cause, then it must not interfere with the state. Wallace then proceeds to ask Niebuhr if the Roman Catholic Church infringes upon civil liberties in America, since they are against birth control and divorce. Neibuhr answers that Roman Catholics have the right to enforce a standard within their own community, but that the Roman Catholic Church does not have the right to enforce its conception of divorce and birth control upon secular people. Not every standard of every church is a good standard for society in general, an issue that, as Niebuhr states, is a major issue in a democratic and pluralistic society that must be resolved by dealing with the policies and attitudes of all groups in a utilitarian matter.

"Culture Wars? How 2004."


E. J. Dionne addresses the issue of whether the emerging culture wars during the Bush election was a new discussion or one we are familiar with.  He goes as far back as 1928 during Prohibition.  The debates surrounded entirely on morals and what will come of the people elected.

He agrees entirely that during Bush's election, the issue surrounding moral values not only surfaced, but was the center of discussion. 

What's interesting about this particular article is that it claims we are now at the end of such an era.  That over-shadowing issues (like the Economic crisis in our time or the Great Depression in Hoover's) make our moral discussions "less pressing."  They can be set aside for later discussion after the issues at hand are solved.  It's as though when things need to be solved, we're able to focus on the larger picture.

His claim seems to make perfect sense but makes us question if it's valid. As hopeful as we are that when a crisis comes along similar to the one we're in we're able to set aside bickering, it seems as though 2009 is not a total departure from such issues.  But just as Dionne can look back on Prohibition and the Depression, we too will look back and see if we successfully navigated through our time.

The Harvardman's Canon (or lack thereof)

"Nick Carraway explains in The Great Gatsby—which I read because my high school and the writers of the Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition test luckily did believe in Great Books—that he is going to take up a heavy reading schedule so that he can become “that most limited of all specialists, the ‘well-rounded man.’ It is embarrassing that Harvard believes a medley of irrelevancies will prepare students for “life beyond college,” and even more embarrassing that the financial crisis is used as an excuse to stop investigating the serious idea that Great Books have a place in undergraduate education. "

http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=527921


In an column in this week's Harvard Crimson, a Harvard student condemns Harvard lackluster attempt to modernize their general education, or core, classes. Calling it a game of semantics, Kiran R, Pendri, the columnist criticizes Harvard creating more politically correct course names without setting out guidelines for the type of classes should take. Like many who support a literary canon, Pendri says, "Deeply troubling and extremely questionable, this recent development suggests that the administration is not at all serious about rethinking what ought to constitute a liberal education" because it does not prepare students for a life in academia by teaching James, Mill, or Camus but instead Japanese Pop Culture. His solution: recognize that there is a canon that is worth knowing.

It seems that rejection of the canon has become less about including minority voices to create a more complete, worldly view through literary education and more about allowing students to persue their own interests. This is viable to a degree, but it puts a trust in the student that he/she wants to learn, not just get an easy A. Whether one agrees with the canon or not, it still exists and is still important to many people, and students are still expected to know the "greats" after college, even if they weren't required to learn them.

Just not in my Backyard

http://proquest.umi.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/pqdweb?index=2&did=1630386312&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1241009213&clientId=3740

The article titled "W.H.O. Supports Wider Use of DDT to Combat Malaria" by Celia W. Dugger was published on September 16, 2006 by the New York Times. In the article, Dugger examines how the World Health Organization, at the persistence of its leader Dr. Arata Kochl, supports a policy of spraying small amounts of DDT inside African homes to combat malaria.

She notes that this was a controversial decision that led to internal conflict within the W.H.O but was supported by the Bush administration.

She also writes that the publication of Silent Spring created an environmental movement that caused DDT to become illegal in the United States. It's interesting to see how a pesticide that has been considered extremely dangerous in America (it kills animal and plant species and causes genetic defects in humans) can by sprayed inside of African homes.

Pat Buchanan Culture Wars Speech

I found this speech striking. Here in 1992 Pat Buchanan, a right-winged republican speaks of George Bush as a proper candidate for President (to serve a second term). He talks of the wide gap between the conservative right and liberal left. He speaks of freedom and refuses to allow for dissent from the liberal bias.

While this is all well and good (also proper because these ideals are protected by out Constitution) yet it opened my eyes. I have seen how far the Republican Party has come. In this speech, Buchanan openly bashes the gay community, liberals, and radical feminism. This might just be my opinion but now while the Republican Party still might house these ideals, they are less openly discussed and freely opposed.

Is this the changing of the Republican Party? Do the warring beliefs morph over time?

Another thing that is worth noting is that vocal performance by the audience. I have always assumed that vocalism was exhibited by the liberal left. However, this phenomena is found in all people, not just in the progressive left.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iO5_1ps5CAc&feature=PlayList&p=B3AA9D15220FC23C&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=16

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pICypNXHKbg&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lstA7j5fmio&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO2wzdOCqr8&feature=related

There are 4 parts.